Giorgio Croci
University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy

Giorgio Croci is Professor of Structural Engineering at "La Sapienza" University of Rome. He is graduated in Civil Engineering at "La Sapienza" University of Rome in May 1960.
Since 1994 he has been member of the UNESCO standing committee for the preservation of the Temples of Angkor (Cambodia). Since 1995 he has been full professor of the chair of "Structural problems of monuments and historical buildings" at the Faculty of Engineering of "La Sapienza" University of Rome.
Since 1995 he has been professor in the International course of Preservation of cities and historical monuments held at the University of Leuven (Belgium).
From 1995 to 2005 he was President of the "International Scientific Committee for Analysis and Restoration of Structures of Architectural Heritage" at the ICOMOS (International Council of Monuments and Sites). Under his chairmanship, the Committee wrote the international document entitled "Recommendations for the Analysis, Conservation and Structural Restoration of Architectural Heritage".
Since 1996 he has been scientific coordinator of the research and projects for the restoration of the Colosseum within the allocated funds of 40 billion liras from the Banca di Roma and the agreement between the University of Rome and the Archaelogical Superintendency of Rome.
Since 1997 he has been member of the International study group for the preservation of Saint Sofia in Istanbul.
From 1998 until the completion of works (2003) he has been member of the Committee, appointed by the Italian Presidency of the Council, which designed the consolidation works for the Tower of Pisa.
In March 2000 he was awarded the Great silver Medal by the Académie  d'Architecture in Paris as a personality who internationally  contributed to the safeguard of architectural heritage in the world.
In the years 2003 and 2006-2007 he was director of the Master course of Recovery and preservation of historical buildings organized by "La Sapienza" University of Rome.
Since 2005 he has been member of the UNESCO International Committee for the safeguard of cultural heritage of the Citadel of Jerusalem. He is a designer of the dismantling in Rome, the transportation and the
re-installation (in Ethiopia) of the Axum Obelisk.
Giorgio Croci is the author of many books and about a hundred publications, presented, for the most part, during International Meetings and all directed to the study of instabilities, the analysis of ancient masonry buildings, the restoration, the seismic adaptation and the design for consolidation interventions.
Among the vast bibliography published by Professor Croci, it is possible to underline the following:
- ‘Studi e Ricerche sul Colosseo’ (1990);
- ‘The Temples of Angkor’, UNESCO Publications (1998);
- ‘The Conservation and Structural Restoration of Architectural Heritage’, Computational Mechanics Publications, Southampton (1998);
- ‘Conservazione e restauro strutturale dei beni architettonici’, UTET (2001);
- ‘Structural behaviour of the Pyramid of Chephren’, UNESCO/ICOMOS Conference "More than two thousand years in the history of architecture" - Paris, France 10 to 12 September 2001;
- ‘La Cupola di San Pietro, Recupero e Conservazione’ (2007)
- "Le Linee Guida e le Raccomandazioni Internazionali dell'ICOMOS" - Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali -- Linee Guida per la Valutazione e Riduzione del Rischio Sismico del Patrimonio Culturale - Giornata di Studio, Roma 15 giugno 2007.

A seismic behaviour of historical buildings
June 23

The presentation provides a short history of the seismic behaviour of some among the most important monuments, showing the kind of damage that they have suffered and the different capacity to resist to earthquakes in relation to their structural characteristics.

The presentation firstly considers the archaeological site of Rome and in particular the Coliseum in Rome, the buildings of the Roman Forum and Palatino, the Pantheon, the Market of Trajan in Rome. Then the behaviour of arches, vaults and domes is analysed and in particular Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, the Citadel of Bam in Iran, the Gothic Cathedrals, the Basilica of St. Francesco in Assisi, Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, St. Peter in Rome, the Basilica of Collemaggio in L’Aquila.

Finally is considered the case of the Tower of Pisa that even if in precarious conditions in relation to its inclination, due to the characteristic of the soil, which reduces very much the energy transmitted to the structure, shows a good seismic behaviour.

John Tunbridge
Carleton University, Canada

John Tunbridge is Visiting Professor in Business Studies, University of Brighton, UK; and
Emeritus Professor of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa,
Canada. His early background was in Geography at Cambridge, Bristol and Sheffield
Universities. During the course of his career he has taught at the Universities of New
England, Australia; Portsmouth, UK; and Natal/Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. He has
researched in the field of heritage for over 35 years, particularly with reference to its
tourism, waterfront and naval aspects, resulting in five books and many book chapters and
journal articles.
His publications include:
- The Tourist-Historic City (1990), Belhaven, London; and (2000), Elsevier, Oxford. (With G.J.Ashworth).
- Dissonant Heritage (1996), Wiley, Chichester. (With G.J.Ashworth).
- A Geography of Heritage (2000), Arnold, London. (With G.J.Ashworth and B.J.Graham).
- Pluralising Pasts (2007), Pluto, London.(With G.J.Ashworth and B.J.Graham).
- 'Plural and multicultural heritages', in B.Graham and P.Howard, eds, Ashgate Research Companion to Heritage and Identity (2008), Ashgate, Aldershot.
- 'Whose heritage to conserve?', in G.Fairclough, R.Harrison,
J.H.Jameson Jr. and J.Schofield, eds, The Heritage Reader (2008, Routledge, London).
- 'The Churchill-Roosevelt bases of 1940: the question of heritage in
their adaptive reuse', International Journal of Heritage Studies (10, 2004).
- 'Malta: reclaiming the naval heritage?', International Journal of Heritage Studies (14, 2008).